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Assignment questions
Public healthDiscussion postEpidemiology

CDC MMWR discussion guide: role, data, and report summary

A four-part discussion on the MMWR: its role in conveying public health information, the kinds of data it carries, a summary of a recent report with natural history and transmission, and whether that report is descriptive or analytical epidemiology.

Editorial process

Last reviewed · August 12, 2026

01

What makes the MMWR distinctive as a publication?

The first two parts are about the publication itself, and precision beats praise. The MMWR is the CDC's primary vehicle for timely public health information, and what makes it distinctive is speed paired with authority: it publishes provisional findings from ongoing investigations quickly enough to change practice, which is why clinicians and health departments treat it as an action document rather than an archive. Its recommendations arrive through specific channels — official CDC guidance and the recommendations of advisory committees such as ACIP — so a submission that describes it merely as a journal of interesting studies has missed its regulatory-adjacent function. On data types, be concrete about the range: notifiable-disease surveillance tables and provisional case counts, outbreak and field investigation reports, QuickStats and vital statistics summaries, coverage and behavioral survey findings, and full recommendation and report series. Naming the recurring sections shows you have actually looked at the publication.

The report you select must be posted within the last two years and taken from the Publications — Weekly Report tab, so pick from the actual archive rather than citing something you remember. Your summary then has three required components and each has a technical meaning worth respecting. The disease summary should state who was affected, where, when, and what the investigation found. Natural history means the course of the disease in an untreated or typical individual — incubation period, prodrome, clinical progression, resolution or sequelae — not the outbreak's chronology, which is the confusion this part of the question routinely catches. Mode of transmission means the specific route rather than the general fact of spread: person-to-person by droplet, respiratory or direct contact, vector-borne, foodborne or waterborne, bloodborne, or vertical from mother to child — and wherever the report identifies a particular vehicle or source, name that too.

The closing classification is the analytical payoff and the one to reason rather than assert. Descriptive epidemiology characterizes person, place, and time — who got sick, where, and when — without testing a hypothesis about cause; the MMWR's outbreak notes and surveillance summaries usually fall here. Analytical epidemiology tests associations between exposure and outcome using a comparison group, so the tell is a study design with controls or cohorts and measures of association such as odds ratios, risk ratios, or attack-rate comparisons between exposed and unexposed groups. Say which your chosen report is and quote the feature that decides it — the presence or absence of a comparison group is the cleanest test — and note honestly if the report begins descriptively and moves into an analytical case-control component, since many field investigations do exactly that.

Likely learning objectives

Inferred from the brief — check these against your own rubric.

  • 01
    Describe the MMWR's role precisely — timely provisional findings and official recommendation channels, not a general-interest journal.
  • 02
    Name the actual data types and recurring sections the publication carries.
  • 03
    Select a report from the last two years from the specified tab.
  • 04
    Distinguish natural history (disease course in an individual) from the outbreak's chronology, and state the transmission route specifically.
  • 05
    Classify the report as descriptive or analytical by testing for a comparison group and measures of association.
Assignment instructionsQuoted verbatim

Read the full question

Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.

Discuss the role the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) plays in conveying public health information and recommendations. Describe the type of data and information provided by the MMWR. Choose a report posted within the last 2 years from the “Publications – Weekly Report” tab. Provide a brief summary of the disease report, including the natural history and mode of transmission, and whether the report is an example of descriptive epidemiology or analytical epidemiology.
Course-wide instructions that accompany this question

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes. Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages. Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor. The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument. ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS Discussion Questions (DQ) Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses. Weekly Participation Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week. APA Format and Writing Quality Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition. Use of Direct Quotes I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. LopesWrite Policy For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score. Late Policy The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading. Communication Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

02

Turn the brief into deliverables

  1. 01
    A discussion of the MMWR's role in conveying public health information and recommendations.
  2. 02
    A description of the data and information types the MMWR provides.
  3. 03
    A brief summary of a chosen report from the past 2 years, including natural history and mode of transmission.
  4. 04
    A reasoned classification of the report as descriptive or analytical epidemiology.
03

How should the chosen report be summarized and classified?

01

The MMWR's role

Explain its function as the CDC's timely vehicle for provisional findings and official recommendations, and why practitioners treat it as actionable.

02

What it publishes

Enumerate the data and content types — notifiable-disease surveillance, outbreak and field investigations, QuickStats and vital statistics, survey findings, recommendation series.

03

The chosen report

Summarize who, where, when, and what was found; state the natural history as the disease's course in an individual; and name the specific transmission route and vehicle.

04

Descriptive or analytical

Test the report for a comparison group and measures of association, classify it, and note where an investigation moves from descriptive into an analytical component.

04

Where are the report archive and the definitions?

Recommended databases

  • PubMed
  • NCBI Bookshelf / StatPearls
  • MedlinePlus

Search sequence

  1. 1.
    Browse the Weekly Report tab and pick a report from the last two years with a clear disease focus.
  2. 2.
    Look up the disease's natural history separately, since the report may assume it rather than state it.
  3. 3.
    Review the descriptive-versus-analytical definitions before classifying.
  4. 4.
    Draft the four parts in the prompt's order, citing the report properly.
05

Reference shortlist

These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.

Nothing here is cleared for citation until you have read it.

  1. 01

    MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep - Search Results

    PubMed, National Library of Medicine · 2026

    The indexed archive of MMWR reports — a reliable way to browse and cite recent reports when selecting one for the summary.

  2. 02

    Epidemiology of Prevention of Communicable Diseases

    StatPearls, NCBI Bookshelf · 2023

    The definitions the classification turns on — descriptive versus analytical epidemiology, surveillance, and transmission routes.

  3. 03

    Health Statistics

    MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine · 2024

    The surveillance and vital-statistics context for describing what kinds of data the MMWR carries and where they come from.

06

Review before submission

Common mistakes

  • Describing the MMWR as a general research journal and missing its recommendation and surveillance functions.
  • Listing data types vaguely instead of naming the surveillance tables, QuickStats, and recommendation series.
  • Choosing a report older than two years or from outside the Weekly Report tab.
  • Confusing natural history with the outbreak timeline — the most common error on this prompt.
  • Saying 'spread person to person' without naming the specific route or vehicle the report identifies.
  • Asserting descriptive or analytical without pointing to the comparison group or measure of association that decides it.

Submission checklist

  • MMWR's role covers timeliness and its recommendation channels.
  • Data types named concretely by section.
  • Report is from the last 2 years and from the Weekly Report tab, cited.
  • Natural history stated as disease course in an individual.
  • Transmission route named specifically, with vehicle if identified.
  • Classification argued from the presence or absence of a comparison group.

Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read our academic-integrity policy.

Written by

Aaron Bishop

MA, Education

assignment interpretation and research-methods coaching across disciplines

Aaron leads the EssayCrackers editorial desk. He works on how assignment briefs are read — what a rubric is actually asking for, and where students most often answer a different question than the one set.

Reviewed by

Dr. Nathan Cole

PhD, Rhetoric & Composition

Argumentation and thesis development

Nathan teaches first-year composition and directs a university writing center. He reviews EssayCrackers guides for argumentative soundness and citation accuracy.

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