Diversity and health assessments: case discussion

In this Discussion, you will consider different socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors that should be taken into considerations when building a health history for patients with diverse backgrounds. Case 1 JC, an at-risk 86-year-old Asian male is physically and financially dependent on his daughter, a single mother who has little time or money for her father’s health needs. He has a hx of hypertension (HTN), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), b12 deficiency, and chronic prostatitis. He currently takes Lisinopril 10mg QD, Prilosec 20mg QD, B12 injections monthly, and Cipro 100mg QD. He comes to you for an annual exam and states “I came for my annual physical exam, but do not want to be a burden to my daughter.” Case 2 TJ, a 32-year-old pregnant lesbian, is being seen for an annual physical exam and has been having vaginal discharge. Her pregnancy has been without complication thus far. She has been receiving prenatal care from an obstetrician. She received sperm from a local sperm bank. She is currently taking prenatal vitamins and takes Tylenol over the counter for aches and pains on occasion. She a strong family history of diabetes. Gravida 1; Para 0; Abortions 0. Case 3 MR, a 23-year-old Native American male comes in to see you because he has been having anxiety and wants something to help him. He has been smoking “pot” and says he drinks to help him too. He tells you he is afraid that he will not get into Heaven if he continues in this lifestyle. He is not taking any prescriptions medications and denies drug use. He has a positive family history of diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. Diversity And Health Assessments. To prepare: · Reflect on your experiences as a nurse and on the information provided in this week’s Learning Resources on diversity issues in health assessments. · Select one of the three case studies. Reflect on the provided patient information. · Reflect on the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors related to the health of the patient you selected. · Consider how you would build a health history for the patient. What questions would you ask, and how would you frame them to be sensitive to the patient’s background, lifestyle, and culture? Develop five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks. · Think about the challenges associated with communicating with patients from a variety of specific populations. What strategies can you as a nurse employ to be sensitive to different cultural factors while gathering the pertinent information? Post Post an explanation of the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors associated with the patient you selected. Explain the issues that you would need to be sensitive to when interacting with the patient, and why. Provide at least five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks. Diversity And Health Assessments. This work should have Introduction and conclusion – This work should have at 3 to 5current references (Year 2013 and up) – Use at least 2 references from class Learning Resources The following Resources are not acceptable: 1. Wikipedia 2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section 3. Webmd.com CLASS LEARNING RESOURCES **Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2015). Seidel’s guide to physical examination (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Chapter 1, “The History and Interviewing Process” (pp. 1-20) This chapter highlights history and interviewing processes. The authors explore a variety of communication techniques, professionalism, and functional assessment concepts when developing relationships with patients. Chapter 2, “Cultural Competency” (pp. 21–29) This chapter highlights the importance of cultural awareness when conducting health assessments. The authors explore the impact of culture on health beliefs and practices. **Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. (2016). Advanced health assessment and clinical diagnosis in primary care (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Chapter 2, “Evidenced- Based Health Screening” (pp. 6-9) **Melton, C., Graff, C., Holmes, G., Brown, L., & Bailey, J. (2014). Health literacy and asthma management among African-American adults: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. Journal of Asthma, 51(7), 703–713. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.906605 Retrieved from the Walden Library Databases. The authors of this study discuss the relationship between health literacy and health outcomes in African American patients with asthma. **Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). Cultural competence. Retrieved from https://npin.cdc.gov/pages/cultural-competence This website discusses cultural competence as defined by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Understanding the difference between cultural competence, awareness, and sensitivity can be obtained on this website. **United States Department of Human & Health Services. Office of Minority Health. (2016). A physician’s practical guide to culturally competent care. Retrieved from https://cccm.thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/ From the Office of Minority Health, the Website offers CME and CEU credit and equips health care professionals with awareness, knowledge, and skills to better treat the increasingly diverse U.S. population they serve. **Espey, D., Jim, M., Cobb, N., Bartholomew, M., Becker, T., Haverkamp, D., & Plescia, M. (2014). Leading causes of death and all-cause mortality in American Indians and Alaska Natives. American Journal of Public Health, 104(S3), S303-S311. The authors of this article present patterns and trends in all-cause mortality and leading cause of death in American Indians and Alaskan Natives. **Wannasirikul, P., Termsirikulchai, L., Sujirarat, D., Benjakul, S., Tanasugarn, C. (2016). Health literacy, medication adherence, and blood pressure level among hypertension older adults treated at primary health care centers. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health., 47(1):109-20. The authors of this study explore the causal relationships between health literacy, individual characteristics, literacy, culture and society, cognitive ability, medication adherence, and the blood pressure levels of hypertensive older adults receiving health care services at Primary Health Care Centers.