HLT 302 Topic 4 DQ 2: defining 'natural' and creation
An HLT 302 Topic 4 discussion asking how you would define 'natural' on first glance, and what Called to Care says the Bible tells us about natural creation. This guide explains why the pre-reading definition has to be preserved, distinguishes the four senses of 'natural', and shows why the answer matters clinically.
Editorial process
Last reviewed · August 6, 2026
Why 'on first glance' is the most important phrase here
Three words in this prompt carry the whole exercise: **on first glance**. The first question is deliberately asking for your untutored definition — what you would say before opening the textbook — and the second then asks what *Called to Care* says the Bible tells us about natural creation. The structure is a before and an after, and the point of the discussion sits in the distance between them. Answering both questions out of the textbook is the commonest way to write a competent post that misses the assignment entirely, because it deletes the first term of a comparison the prompt was built to set up. Write your own definition down before you read, and keep it even if it turns out to be shallow. A shallow starting definition that you then examine is worth more here than a polished one borrowed from the reading, because the polished one answers a question nobody asked.
It helps to know that *natural* is not one concept but at least four, and they conflict. It can mean occurring without human intervention, as in a natural landscape. It can mean typical or statistically normal, as in a natural reaction. It can mean physical rather than supernatural. Or it can mean in accordance with the proper nature and purpose of a thing — the teleological sense, where an acorn naturally becomes an oak and a failure to do so is unnatural even if nothing human interfered. Most first-glance definitions land on the first or second of these. A theological account of creation tends toward the fourth, and that is a different concept rather than a more detailed version of the same one. Noticing which sense you reached for first is itself part of the answer, and it costs a sentence.
Which is why this question appears in a health care course rather than a philosophy one, and saying so is what makes a post stand out. Whether a medical intervention counts as unnatural depends entirely on which sense is in play. Under the first sense every intervention is unnatural, including antibiotics and caesarean sections, which makes the word useless for ethics. Under the teleological sense an intervention that restores a body to its proper functioning is natural, and one that frustrates it is not — a distinction that does real work in the debates this course is heading toward. One sentence connecting your definition to a clinical example demonstrates you understand why the question was asked. Assisted feeding, fertility treatment and ventilation all read differently depending on which sense you brought to them, and the course will return to exactly those cases later.
The sourcing instruction is more specific than a general request for citations. It names two things: the GCU introduction and the textbooks, and then asks you to cite references from your reading to support your answer. So this is not an opinion post with a citation attached for form. The second question in particular is a textual claim — what does *Called to Care* say scripture tells us — which means it is answerable correctly or incorrectly, and it wants the book's own account rather than your independent reading of the Bible. Quote or paraphrase the textbook's position, cite it, and separate it clearly from your own view, which the first question already established. Keeping the two visibly apart is also the cheapest way to show you noticed there were two questions, which the blended version cannot demonstrate however good its content is.
Keep the register honest. The first question invites a personal answer and the second requires a textual one, and a post that blends them into a single devotional paragraph loses both. The strongest short structure is plain: here is what I meant by natural before reading; here is what the textbook says the biblical account of creation implies; here is where those agree and where they do not; here is what the difference would mean for a decision at a bedside. That is four moves in a discussion post, and each one is short.
The prompt asks | The common answer | What earns the mark |
|---|---|---|
On first glance, define 'natural' | The textbook's definition | Your own pre-reading definition, kept |
What the Bible tells us, per the textbook | Your own reading of scripture | Called to Care's account, cited |
Base your response on named sources | A general citation | The GCU introduction and the textbook specifically |
Two questions | One blended paragraph | A comparison with the gap named |
A health care course context | Left implicit | One clinical consequence of the definition |
Likely learning objectives
Inferred from the brief — check these against your own rubric.
- 01Distinguish a pre-reflective definition from an informed one, and use the gap.
- 02Separate the competing senses of an ambiguous but consequential term.
- 03Report a textbook's account of a text accurately and with citation.
- 04Connect a conceptual definition to a clinical consequence.
Read the full question
Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.
What the HLT 302 discussion post must contain
- 01Your own first-glance definition of what it means for something to be natural.
- 02What Called to Care says the Bible tells us about natural creation or the natural world.
- 03A response grounded in the GCU introduction and the textbooks.
- 04Cited references from your reading supporting the answer.
From your own definition to a decision at a bedside
Write your definition before opening anything
Capture the untutored answer the first question is asking for.
Identify which sense of 'natural' you used
Untouched by humans, statistically normal, physical, or according to proper purpose.
Read the textbook's account of creation
Find what Called to Care says scripture claims about the natural world.
Name the gap
Say where your definition and the textbook's account agree and where they diverge.
Take it to a bedside
Give one case where the choice of sense changes whether an intervention counts as unnatural.
Cite the two named sources
Reference the GCU introduction and the textbook explicitly.
The GCU introduction, the textbook, and the wider tradition
Recommended databases
- The GCU topic introduction
- Called to Care and the other assigned textbooks
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- Peer-reviewed literature on natural law in bioethics
Search sequence
- 1.Read the topic introduction first, since the prompt names it as a source rather than as context.
- 2.Locate the textbook's own treatment of creation rather than searching scripture directly.
- 3.Look up the teleological sense of 'natural' specifically, because it is the one doing the ethical work.
- 4.Find one worked clinical example where the senses of 'natural' give opposite answers.
Where 'natural' is defined and contested
These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.
Nothing here is cleared for citation until you have read it.
- 01
The Natural Law Tradition in Ethics
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy · 2022
The tradition in which 'natural' means according to a thing's proper end rather than untouched by humans. This is the sense a creation-based account tends toward, and the one that makes the word usable in clinical ethics at all.
- 02
Teleological Notions in Biology
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy · 2023
Whether biological things have purposes, and what it means to say an organ is for something. Useful for showing that the teleological sense of 'natural' is contested rather than assumed, which strengthens a post that adopts it.
- 03
Natural Theology and Natural Religion
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy · 2022
How claims about creation have been argued from nature rather than from revelation. Useful background for reading the textbook's account critically rather than only reporting it.
Before the discussion post is submitted
Common mistakes
- Answering the first question from the textbook, which deletes the comparison.
- Substituting your own reading of scripture for the textbook's account of it.
- Treating 'natural' as a single obvious concept.
- Blending the personal and the textual answers into one paragraph.
- Citing generally rather than the two sources the prompt names.
- Leaving the health care context implicit in a health care ethics course.
- Writing devotionally where a textual claim was requested.
Submission checklist
- A first-glance definition appears and is identifiably your own.
- The textbook's account of biblical creation is reported separately.
- Called to Care is cited for that account.
- The GCU introduction is drawn on as the prompt requires.
- At least one distinction between senses of 'natural' is made explicit.
- The gap between your definition and the textbook's is named.
- One clinical or ethical consequence of the definition is stated.
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Written by
Aaron Bishop
MA, Education
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