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Assignment questions
BusinessResearch paperHuman resource management

HR's strategic role, certifications and memberships

Read the constraints before you research: only one of your two certifications may be a PHR, SPHR or GPHR, and one of your two memberships must be SHRM. Both rules exist to stop you filing the same answer as everyone else.

Editorial process

Last reviewed · August 15, 2026

01

Strategic means it changes what the business can do

The first question asks for the strategic role of human resources and its significance to competitive advantage, and the word strategic is doing real work. Administrative HR processes payroll and keeps records; strategic HR shapes what the organisation is capable of doing. Make that concrete rather than abstract: workforce planning that decides whether a new service line can be staffed at all, selection and development that build capabilities competitors cannot buy quickly, reward systems that direct effort toward the strategy, and the culture and retention work that decides whether knowledge stays in the building. The competitive-advantage argument has a standard form worth using — people and the systems around them are hard to imitate in a way that equipment and software are not, so advantage built on them is more durable. Name an example, even a hypothetical one, rather than leaving the claim general and unargued.

The remaining sections are research and the constraints are strict, so read them before you start. Two certifications, and only one may come from the PHR, SPHR or GPHR family — so the second has to be something else, such as SHRM-CP or SHRM-SCP, a compensation credential like CCP, or a benefits or talent-acquisition credential. For each, describe it, explain why a practitioner would want it, and give the eligibility requirements in detail: education level, years of relevant experience, and how those two trade off, since most schemes accept less experience for a higher degree. Take those from the certifying body rather than from a blog, because they change. Two membership organisations, one of which must be SHRM, each with its website link and its own answers about cost, benefit and audience. Structure the report with headings that match the prompt's own sections, which is the simplest way to make sure nothing is missed.

Likely learning objectives

Inferred from the brief — check these against your own rubric.

  • 01
    Distinguish administrative HR activity from strategic HR contribution.
  • 02
    Explain why human capital supports a durable competitive advantage.
  • 03
    Locate and report certification eligibility requirements accurately from primary sources.
  • 04
    Compare professional membership organisations by audience, cost and benefit.
Assignment instructionsQuoted verbatim

Read the full question

Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.

Option 2: Research. If you are unable to conduct an interview with an individual working in an HR capacity, you may opt to complete this assignment by composing a report in response to the following questions which address the role of HR in today’s workplace, the potential for career advancement via professional certifications, and how professional memberships can be of benefit to support the HR role. HR’s Role. Explain the strategic role of human resources in today’s workplace and its significance to an organization’s competitive advantage. Professional Certifications. Identify at least two certifications that an HR professional might obtain; only one of the two may be the PHR, SPHR, or the GPHR (Professional in Human Resources, Senior Professional in Human Resources, or Global Professional in Human Resources, respectively). Write a paragraph for each certification with inclusion of the following: Describe the certification. Explain why an HR professional might have interest in obtaining the certification. Provide the eligibility requirements for taking the certification exam (e.g., work experience, education, and so forth). National and International Professional Memberships. Research at least two member organizations to which an HR professional might belong, one of which is to be SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management). Answer the following questions: Identify the professional membership organization and provide the website link. Discussion: Organization’s competitive advantage. Describe some of the benefits of becoming a member of the organization at the professional level and/or the student level. What resources are found on the website that you personally would find especially beneficial as an HR professional. Local Professional Memberships. Most national and international professional member organizations have established local chapters. For this research segment, locate a local HR professional chapter in your area (e.g., SHRM – Society for Human Resource Management, ASTD – American Society for Training & Development), and answer the following questions. For example, to find a local chapter of SHRM near you, go to the following web link: http://www.shrm.org/Communities/SHRMChapters/Pages/default.aspx Identify the selected local chapter near you and provide a brief overview of its purpose and functionality. Include a direct website link to the local chapter web page. Explain why an HR professional might want to belong to this chapter. Be as specific as possible, with potential inclusion of the website findings. For this option, you are required to use a minimum of two outside references, in addition to the textbook and the websites researched. The outside references may only include: a) articles from peer-reviewed journals, b) articles from popular journals or credible newspapers (e.g., Time, Business Week, Wall Street Journal), or c) white papers/research conducted by SHRM, ASTD, or World at Work. No blog sites or webs pages are to be used. The paper should be written as a professional report with an introduction, conclusion, and APA headings for each of the questions, as identified in bold above. Do not include the questions in the paper. There should be a minimum of one paragraph with a proper heading for each question. The individual paper is to be written in APA 6e style with proper mechanics (i.e., sentence structure, grammar, punctuation, and spelling). A title page and reference page are required, in addition to the paper length of 500-800 words. Before submitting the assignment, thoroughly edit the paper for APA formatting and mechanics. Be sure all requirements have been met – as shown in the workshop document and the rubric. For questions on APA Style, go to OCLS APA Writing Styles Guides. When you have completed your assignment, save a copy for yourself and submit a copy to your instructor by the end of the workshop. Book chapter 1,2,7https://open.lib.umn.edu/humanresourcemanagement/part/chapter-1-the-role-of-human-resources/
02

Turn the brief into deliverables

  1. 01
    A report answering all three sections, with headings.
  2. 02
    An argument connecting HR to competitive advantage, with an example.
  3. 03
    Two certifications, only one from the PHR/SPHR/GPHR family, each with eligibility requirements.
  4. 04
    Two membership organisations including SHRM, each with a website link.
  5. 05
    APA-formatted citations.
03

The role, two certifications, two memberships

01

HR's strategic role

Separate administrative processing from the decisions that shape organisational capability.

02

Competitive advantage

Explain why people-based advantage is harder to imitate than technology-based advantage.

03

First certification

Describe it, say why a practitioner would pursue it, and give eligibility requirements.

04

Second certification

Do the same for a credential outside the PHR family.

05

Two membership organisations

Identify SHRM and one other, with links, audience, cost and benefit.

04

Where to find eligibility requirements

Recommended databases

  • Society for Human Resource Management
  • HR Certification Institute
  • WorldatWork and other credentialing bodies
  • Your course textbook

Search sequence

  1. 1.
    Read the constraint about the PHR family before choosing, so you do not research two credentials you cannot both use.
  2. 2.
    Take eligibility requirements straight from the certifying body's exam handbook, which is the only source that stays current.
  3. 3.
    Check whether the certification requires recertification credits, since that affects why someone would pursue it.
  4. 4.
    For memberships, look at the actual member benefits page rather than the marketing homepage.
05

Reference shortlist

These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.

Nothing here is cleared for citation until you have read it.

  1. 01

    Welcome to SHRM | The Voice of All Things Work

    Society for Human Resource Management · 2025

    The membership organisation the prompt requires by name, and the source for its own benefits and certification track.

  2. 02

    HR Certifications, Learning & Community

    HR Certification Institute · 2025

    The certifying body behind the PHR, SPHR and GPHR, and the authoritative source for their eligibility requirements.

  3. 03

    What is Project Management?

    Project Management Institute · 2024

    A comparison point for how a professional body defines and certifies a body of knowledge, useful for the memberships section.

  4. 04

    The Nursing Workforce - The Future of Nursing 2020-2030

    National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, NCBI Bookshelf · 2021

    Workforce planning evidence, which grounds the strategic-role argument in something measured rather than asserted.

06

Review before submission

Common mistakes

  • Choosing two certifications from the PHR family, which the prompt explicitly forbids.
  • Giving eligibility requirements from a summary site rather than the certifying body.
  • Describing HR's administrative functions and calling them strategic.
  • Omitting the website links the membership section asks for by name.
  • Asserting competitive advantage without saying what makes human capital hard to imitate.

Submission checklist

  • Is only one of your two certifications a PHR, SPHR or GPHR?
  • Are the eligibility requirements taken from the certifying body?
  • Is SHRM one of your two membership organisations?
  • Have you included the website links?
  • Does the strategic section name a concrete example?

Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read our academic-integrity policy.

Written by

Aaron Bishop

MA, Education

assignment interpretation and research-methods coaching across disciplines

Aaron leads the EssayCrackers editorial desk. He works on how assignment briefs are read — what a rubric is actually asking for, and where students most often answer a different question than the one set.

Reviewed by

Dr. Nathan Cole

PhD, Rhetoric & Composition

Argumentation and thesis development

Nathan teaches first-year composition and directs a university writing center. He reviews EssayCrackers guides for argumentative soundness and citation accuracy.

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