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Assignment questions
NursingDiscussion postPatient safety

NSG 6630 Josie King and a quality initiative

Using the Josie King story, explain how to move from blaming individuals to improving the healthcare delivery system, then describe one quality initiative in your own organization aimed at reducing sentinel events and reflect on what led to it.

Editorial process

Last reviewed · August 13, 2026

01

From blame to system

The Josie King case is used here because it resists the blame explanation. Her mother reported deterioration repeatedly and was not acted upon, and the harm followed from dehydration and medication error rather than from a single reckless act. Naming an individual to blame would leave every one of the contributing conditions intact: the absence of a route for a family member to escalate, handover that lost the concern, medication processes without an independent check, and a hierarchy in which junior staff hesitated. That is the substance of the first prompt — moving away from blame is not about being kind to clinicians, it is about the fact that blame stops the investigation at the point where it would start becoming useful. Say what a just culture does differently: it distinguishes human error from at-risk behaviour and reckless conduct, and responds to each appropriately rather than identically, so accountability survives while the investigation stays open.

The second prompt turns to your own organization and asks for one quality initiative aimed at improving quality and safety and reducing sentinel events, plus a reflection on what led to it. Choose something real and describe it in enough detail to be recognisable: what it changed, who owns it, how it is measured, and what prompted it — an adverse event, an audit finding, a regulatory requirement, or a benchmark the organization was failing. The reflection on what led to the initiative is the part that connects back to Josie's story, because most initiatives exist because something went wrong first. Choose something you can describe accurately rather than something impressive, because the marks are for the analysis and not the scale of the programme. If the initiative predates you, ask someone who was there what prompted it. Support the post with the weekly readings and the South University library, and cite in APA format.

Likely learning objectives

Inferred from the brief — check these against your own rubric.

  • 01
    Explain why individual blame terminates a safety investigation prematurely.
  • 02
    Describe just culture as differentiated response rather than absence of accountability.
  • 03
    Identify system conditions that allow a family's escalation to go unheard.
  • 04
    Describe a real quality initiative with its owner, mechanism and measure.
  • 05
    Connect an initiative's existence to the event or finding that prompted it.
Assignment instructionsQuoted verbatim

Read the full question

Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.

NSG 6630 Week 6 DQ 1 The Josie King story is one of many compelling stories about what happens in healthcare systems when things go wrong and patients experience sentinel events, including irreparable harm or, as in the case of Josie, death . Josie was an eighteen-month-old toddler who had been admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital for burns she suffered accidentally when her mother was giving her a bath.Josie died from medical errors that could have been avoided .Josie’s mother, Sorrel King, recounts how she tried to alert healthcare providers about her little girl’s changing condition and how she was ignored as her baby continued to decline despite the mother’s pleas for help .Josie died from severe dehydration and misused narcotics . Access the following resource to learn more about Josie King: King, S . (2002) . About: What happened [Speech transcript] .Retrieved from the Josie King Foundation Web site: http://www . josieking . org/page . cfm?pageID=10 Using the readings for the week, the South University Online Library, and the Internet, respond to the following: Based on Josie King’s story, how can we move away from placing blame on one person and focus instead on the healthcare delivery systems we work in to improve patient safety and quality outcomes? NSG 6630 Week 6 DQ 1 Describe one quality initiative that is occurring in your healthcare organization to improve the quality of patient care and safety to decrease sentinel events and the events that lead to such initiatives.
02

Turn the brief into deliverables

  1. 01
    An account of how to move from placing blame on one person to focusing on the delivery system.
  2. 02
    A description of one quality initiative occurring in your healthcare organization.
  3. 03
    How that initiative improves quality of patient care and safety and reduces sentinel events.
  4. 04
    A reflection on what led to the initiative.
  5. 05
    Support from the weekly readings and library, cited in APA format.
03

The case, the shift, your initiative

01

What the Josie King case shows

Repeated unheeded escalation, dehydration and medication error as system failures.

02

Why blame ends the inquiry

Naming a person leaves every contributing condition in place.

03

Just culture

Human error, at-risk behaviour and recklessness distinguished and answered differently.

04

One quality initiative

A real initiative with its change, owner and measure.

05

What led to it

The event, audit, requirement or benchmark that prompted the work.

04

Safety science and your own organization

Recommended databases

  • AHRQ PSNet
  • The Joint Commission
  • AHRQ
  • South University Online Library
  • Your organization's quality department

Search sequence

  1. 1.
    Read the AHRQ PSNet patient safety primer for the systems account of error.
  2. 2.
    Read the Joint Commission sentinel event policy for how such events are defined and reviewed.
  3. 3.
    Find your organization's current quality priorities and pick one initiative.
  4. 4.
    Ask or look up what prompted that initiative, since the prompt asks.
  5. 5.
    Identify the measure the initiative is tracked against.
05

Reference shortlist

These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.

Nothing here is cleared for citation until you have read it.

  1. 01

    Patient Safety 101

    AHRQ PSNet · 2025

    The systems account of error and why individual blame is analytically unproductive.

  2. 02

    Sentinel Event Policy

    The Joint Commission · 2025

    How sentinel events are defined, reported and reviewed, which frames the initiative discussion.

  3. 03

    Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

    Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality · 2025

    Evidence on interventions that reduce serious harm, for evaluating the chosen initiative.

  4. 04

    TeamSTEPPS 3.0

    Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality · 2024

    Escalation and speaking-up tools, which address the specific failure in the Josie King case.

06

Review before submission

Common mistakes

  • Framing the blame question as being fair to staff rather than as investigative method.
  • Treating just culture as meaning nobody is ever accountable.
  • Describing a quality initiative with no owner, mechanism or measure.
  • Choosing an initiative so generic it could belong to any organization.
  • Omitting the reflection on what prompted the initiative.
  • Retelling the Josie King story at length instead of analysing it.

Submission checklist

  • The blame-to-system argument is made as a claim about investigation, not tone.
  • Just culture is described as differentiated response.
  • Specific system conditions in the Josie King case are named.
  • One real initiative is described with what it changed and how it is measured.
  • What prompted the initiative is stated.
  • APA citations from the readings and library are present.

Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read our academic-integrity policy.

Written by

Aaron Bishop

MA, Education

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Aaron leads the EssayCrackers editorial desk. He works on how assignment briefs are read — what a rubric is actually asking for, and where students most often answer a different question than the one set.

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Argumentation and thesis development

Nathan teaches first-year composition and directs a university writing center. He reviews EssayCrackers guides for argumentative soundness and citation accuracy.

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