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Assignment questions
Healthcare administrationDiscussion postOrganizational change

The challenge of change in health care organizations

Three analytical questions and then two worked examples from your own textbook. The examples are not decoration — the prompt asks what you learned and how barriers were overcome in each.

Editorial process

Last reviewed · August 15, 2026

01

Three questions, then two textbook examples in detail

The prompt opens with a framing worth resisting slightly: it says change is usually positive but can be hard to embrace, and that employees resist while managers see necessity. Taking that at face value produces the standard post about overcoming resistance. A stronger reading notes that resistance is often informational — the people closest to the work sometimes see a flaw the plan does not, and treating every objection as an obstacle discards that. Saying so early distinguishes your post immediately from the twenty others that accept the framing as given. Then answer the three questions separately: the overall impact on the organisation, on its employees and on its constituents. That third group is the one most often dropped, and in health care the constituents are patients and the community, which makes it the most consequential of the three, since a change that improves internal metrics while worsening patient experience has not succeeded.

The manager as change agent is the second question, and the useful move is to name a recognised model rather than to generalise. Lewin's unfreeze, change and refreeze is the simplest, Kotter's eight steps is the most commonly assigned, and either gives you vocabulary for what a manager actually does at each stage rather than a general endorsement of communication. Then the prompt asks for two examples of successful change from your textbook, discussed in greater detail, including what you learned, how the individuals overcame the barriers and what benefits resulted. Those are three sub-parts per example and they need answering for both. Pick two that failed differently or succeeded differently, because two similar examples let you make only one point, and the assignment is asking you to compare. Look for a contrast in scale, in sector or in the kind of barrier that had to be overcome.

Likely learning objectives

Inferred from the brief — check these against your own rubric.

  • 01
    Analyse organisational change from the perspectives of the organisation, employees and constituents.
  • 02
    Apply a named change management model to the manager's role.
  • 03
    Compare two documented change efforts and extract transferable lessons.
Assignment instructionsQuoted verbatim

Read the full question

Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.

Change is usually positive, but it can also be difficult to embrace at times. Employees can be resistant to change, while managers may feel that it is necessary for organizational stability. Discuss the challenge of change as it relates to health care organizations. What is the overall impact of change on the organization, its employees, and its constituents, and what role does the manager play as an agent of change? In addition to responding to these questions, review the examples of successful change in your textbook and choose two examples to discuss in greater detail. What did you learn from these examples? In each case, how did the individuals overcome the barriers to change, and what were the resulting benefits?
Course-wide instructions that accompany this question

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes. Discussion: Challenge of change Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages. Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor. The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument. ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS Discussion Questions (DQ) Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses. Weekly Participation Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week. APA Format and Writing Quality Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition. Use of Direct Quotes I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. LopesWrite Policy For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score. Late Policy The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading. Communication Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours. Discussion: Challenge of change

02

Turn the brief into deliverables

  1. 01
    An analysis addressing all three affected groups.
  2. 02
    A discussion of the manager as change agent grounded in a named model.
  3. 03
    Two textbook examples, each with lessons, barriers overcome and benefits.
  4. 04
    APA-formatted citations including the textbook.
03

Impact, the manager's role, then the worked cases

01

Complicate the framing

Note that resistance can carry information the plan lacks, not only inertia.

02

Impact on three groups

Analyse effects on the organisation, its employees and its patients or community separately.

03

The manager as change agent

Apply a named model stage by stage to what a manager actually does.

04

First textbook example

Cover the lesson learned, the barriers overcome and the benefits realised.

05

Second example and comparison

Repeat for a deliberately different case and draw the contrast between them.

04

Change models worth naming by name

Recommended databases

  • Your course textbook's change chapter
  • Harvard Business Review
  • PubMed Central
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
  • Institute for Healthcare Improvement

Search sequence

  1. 1.
    Find the textbook's own examples first; the prompt asks for two of them specifically.
  2. 2.
    Look up whichever change model your course assigns so the stages are named correctly.
  3. 3.
    Search for a health care implementation study if you want evidence beyond the textbook.
  4. 4.
    Check whether your textbook's examples have documented follow-ups, which strengthens the benefits section.
05

Reference shortlist

These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.

Nothing here is cleared for citation until you have read it.

  1. 01

    About CAHPS

    Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality · 2024

    A model of how a care problem is defined, measured and reported, useful when framing a nursing issue as one evidence could improve.

  2. 02

    Implementing Electronic Health Records in Primary Care Using the Theory of Change: Nigerian Case Study

    JMIR Medical Informatics · 2022

    A documented change effort with stated barriers and outcomes, useful as a comparison case alongside the textbook examples.

  3. 03

    Hospitals' adoption of intra-system information exchange is negatively associated with inter-system information exchange

    Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · 2018

    Evidence that organisational change can succeed internally while producing a worse outcome system-wide, which complicates the definition of success.

  4. 04

    The association between perceived electronic health record usability and professional burnout among US nurses

    Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 28(8), 1632-1641 · 2021

    Measured employee-side consequences of a major organisational change, supporting the employees limb of the impact analysis.

06

Review before submission

Common mistakes

  • Dropping the constituents — patients and community — from the impact analysis.
  • Treating all resistance as an obstacle rather than sometimes as information.
  • Discussing change management generically instead of naming a model.
  • Choosing two similar examples, which leaves nothing to compare.

Submission checklist

  • Are organisation, employees and constituents all addressed?
  • Have you named a change model rather than describing change generally?
  • Do both examples cover lessons, barriers and benefits?
  • Are the two examples different enough to compare?

Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read our academic-integrity policy.

Written by

Aaron Bishop

MA, Education

assignment interpretation and research-methods coaching across disciplines

Aaron leads the EssayCrackers editorial desk. He works on how assignment briefs are read — what a rubric is actually asking for, and where students most often answer a different question than the one set.

Reviewed by

Dr. Nathan Cole

PhD, Rhetoric & Composition

Argumentation and thesis development

Nathan teaches first-year composition and directs a university writing center. He reviews EssayCrackers guides for argumentative soundness and citation accuracy.

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